The assassination was carried out by Kalaivani Rajaratnam. Santhan alias T. Suthenthiraraja - A Sri Lankan national. Another delegation met him around 14 March 1991 in New Delhi. Themozhi Rajaratnam was born in 1974 in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka to a family of Hindu Tamils; she was the daughter of a man named Rajaratnam and his second wife. Subramanian Swamy said in his book, Sri Lanka in Crisis: India's Options (2007), that an LTTE delegation had met Rajiv Gandhi on 5 March 1991. [32] The trial was held behind closed doors, incamera, and the identity of witnesses was not disclosed. [26], The judgment further cited the death of Thileepan in a hunger strike and the suicide by 12 LTTE cadres in a vessel in October 1987. In a report published on 30 October 2012 in DNA, K. Ragothaman, former chief investigator of the CBI, talks about his new book Conspiracy to Kill Rajiv Gandhi: From the CBI Files and tells the reporter that while the CBI had started a preliminary inquiry in which M. K. Narayanan, former West Bengal Governor and former Intelligence Bureau director, was named a suspect in hiding evidence, the case was buried by the CBI SIT Chief, D. R. Arrested on 14 June 1991, she was sentenced to death, along with the other 25 accused. Primary Three was training in suicide bombing and beheading. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam (1 January 1974-21 May 1991) was a female suicide bomber of the Tamil Tigers who killed Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi on 21 May 1991. But in her way, the Tamil Tiger terrorist -- who blew up herself, the Indian leader Rajiv Gandhi and 13 others in May 1991 -- has perhaps had the largest lasting influence. Despite no action, the findings raised vital questions that have previously been consistently raised by political analysts. However, this latest goof-up by the central agency indicates that little has been done to correct the errors. At the time, India had just ended its involvement, through the Indian Peace Keeping Force, in the Sri Lankan Civil War. in. The Congress subsequently brought down the United Front (UF) government of I K Gujral after the report was leaked in November 1998. [1] It was after joining the LTTE that she came to be known by the assumed name Thenmozhi. On 29 July 1987, the extremist group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam entered into a peace agreement with the Sri Lankan government that was brokered by India. Weekly Classics: The Terrorist - DAWN.COM Thereafter, the Justice J.S.Verma Commission was formed to look into the security lapses that contributed to the killing. Nalini was treated as a class 'A' convict from 10 September 1999 till the privilege was withdrawn in May 2010 after a mobile phone was allegedly recovered from her cell during a surprise check. The move was to tackle LTTEs dream of a sovereign Tamil Eelam, which was a threat to India's 'unity, national interest and territorial integrity'. Nalini was treated as a class 'A' convict from 10 September 1999 till the privilege was withdrawn in May 2010 after a mobile phone was allegedly recovered from her cell during a surprise check. Historica Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. This week, The New York Times shed new light on that last struggle, profiling Rahila Amos, a 47-year-old Nigerian Christian woman who says she was abducted by the Islamist rebels and forced to train for a suicide attack. | Express Photo, In this picture the body of Sivarasan, the mastermind in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, can be seen after he committed suicide by shooting himself on the outskirts of Bangalore city | PTI Photo, This was the hideout of the Rajiv Gandhi murder accused | Express Photo, A G Perarivalan, a convict in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, is seen. | Express Photo, In 1990, the LTTE, under Veluppillai Prabhakaran, reportedly summoned four of his trusted lieutenants to physically eliminate the Indian Prime Minister. Here is a look back at the traumatic incident. [15], Following his assassination, Rajiv Gandhi's mutilated body was airlifted to New Delhi. About two hours after arriving in Madras (now Chennai), Gandhi was driven by motorcade in a white Ambassadorcar to Sriperumbudur, stopping along the way at a few other election campaigning venues. Ms Amos said she never learned what took place there. Feroz Rashid Khan was lodged in the Arthur Road Jail in Mumbai and was facing trial in the 1993 serial bomb blasts case. Upon the intervention of Rajiv Gandhi's widow and Congress president Sonia Gandhi, who petitioned for clemency for the sake of Nalini's daughter in 2000, the death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. A state funeral was held for Rajiv Gandhi on 24 May 1991. [citation needed], In the 2001 Norway peace talks, Prabhakaran told the press that the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi was a sorrowful event. The court convicted and sentenced the seven persons who facilitated the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi to life imprisonment. Sources have indicated that Gandhi was repeatedly informed that there was a threat to his life and that he should not travel to Tamil Nadu. Today, the site where he was cremated is known as Veerbhumi. The weblink titled Rajiv Gandhi assassination case has been recently put up by the agency on its web portal www.cbi.nic.in. However, the state government rejected her request. From the IndiraGandhiInternationalAirport, his body was sent to the AllIndiaInstituteofMedicalSciences in NewDelhi for an autopsy, reconstruction and embalming.[16]. The decision was taken in Jaffna after a discussion on the re-induction of the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) and a crackdown on the LTTE in Sri Lanka. [35][36] The President of India rejected the clemency pleas of Murugan and two others on death row, T Suthendraraja alias Santhan and A G Perarivalan alias Arivu in August 2011. (Photo | CC-by-sa PlaneMad/Wikimedia), Now we are on Telegram too. [36][37] The President of India rejected the clemency pleas of Murugan and two others on death row, T Suthendraraja alias Santhan and A G Perarivalan alias Arivu in August 2011. [34] Confessions given by the accused to the Superintendent of Police are taken as evidence against the accused under TADA. The report concluded that the DMK had provided sanctuary to the LTTE, which made it easier for the rebels to assassinate Rajiv Gandhi.[20]. In the Rajiv Gandhi case, confessions by the accused formed a major part of the evidence in the judgment against them which they later claimed was taken under duress. Sources have indicated that Gandhi was repeatedly informed that there was a threat to his life and that he should not travel to Tamil Nadu. She was from Kupukullai in Jaffna, and studied until middle school in Batticaloa. Congratulations on this excellent venture what a great idea! Indias premier investigative agency the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) just doesnt seem to get it right. She then bent down to touch his feet and detonated an RDX explosive-laden belt tucked below her dress at exactly 10:10 PM. You will get the updates within 24 hours. Seven pillars surround the site of the blast, at the, Assassination in India; Rajiv Gandhi is assassinated in bombing at campaign stop; India puts off rest of voting, Supreme Court of India, State Of Tamil Nadu Through vs Nalini And 25 Others on 11 May 1999, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "1991: Bomb kills India's former leader Rajiv Gandhi", "Assassination in India; Rajiv Gandhi is assassinated in bombing at campaign stop", "A Chance To Be Near The People New Campaigning Style Put Gandhi In Crowds", "A look back at Rajiv Gandhi assassination: Rare images from the past", "The others who died with Rajiv Gandhi: Families talk of struggle, neglect", "Remembering Rajiv Gandhi: What exactly happened on that fateful night of May 21 in Madras and New Delhi", "LTTE key suspect in Rajiv Gandhi assassination probe", "Women Power: Living with grit and painful memories", "Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and its aftermath", "Mastermind of Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, Sivarasan, is a man with many names", "Rajiv Gandhi assassination: Dhanu, the first-ever human bomb in Sri Lanka's history", "Rajiv Gandhi murder: Who are the 7 convicts the TN govt wants to free?-India News, Firstpost", "Death Reference Case No. In the Rajiv Gandhi case, confessions by the accused formed a major part of the evidence in the judgment against them which they later claimed was taken under duress. Thenmozhi "Gayatri" Rajaratnam (died 21 May 1991) was the assassin who killed Rajiv Gandhi, herself, and 14 others in a suicide bombing on May 21, 1991, in the Indian town of Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu, near Chennai. Troops from Cameroon, a largely Christian country, and Chad last year crossed their borders into Boko Haram's Nigerian stronghold, cracking down on the extremist group but also allegedly committing atrocities that engendered a backlash among the local population. She adds that the women may not truly be blowing themselves up, because the bombs might be remotely detonated. But we could kill your leader (Mr.Gandhi) no matter where we are based. The message conveyed to Rajiv Gandhi by both these delegations was that there was no threat to his life and that he can travel to Tamil Nadu without fearing for his life. [7] When Rajiv reached a campaign rally in Sriperumbudur, he left his car and began walking towards the dais where he was to deliver a speech. Arrested on 14 June 1991, she was sentenced to death, along with the other 25 accused. [28][29] Judge Thomas further stated that conspiracy was hatched in stages commencing from 1987 and that it spanned several years. She then bent down to touch his feet and detonated an RDX explosive-laden belt tucked below her dress at exactly 10:10 PM. [7] When Rajiv reached a campaign rally in Sriperumbudur, he left his car and began walking towards the dais where he was to deliver a speech. She was from Kupukullai in Jaffna, and studied until middle school in Batticaloa. Immediately after the assassination, the Chandrasekhar government handed the investigation over to the CBI on 22 May 1991. Boko Haram seems to have made a science of preparing women for this ultimate sacrifice: Ms Amos described a six-tiered daily education track for the women that she called Primary One, Primary Two and so on. [17] He was cremated on the banks of the river Yamuna, near the cremation spot of his mother, brother and grandfather. These instances had cause major embarrassment to CBI and the Indian government. In the Rajiv Gandhi case, confessions by the accused formed a major part of the evidence in the judgment against them which they later claimed was taken under duress. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam. The report also alleged that LTTE leaders in Jaffna were in possession of sensitive coded messages exchanged between the Union government and the state government of DMK. [21], "LTTE and Punjab ultras spoke of a plan to assassinate Rajiv. She then bent down to touch his feet and detonated an RDX explosive-laden belt tucked below her dress at exactly 10:10 PM. He allegedly was described as Velupillai Prabhakaran's mentor; and he played a vital role in moulding the LTTE chief's thinking during the movement's formative years between 1972 and 1975. [17] He was cremated on the banks of the river Yamuna, near the cremation spot of his mother, brother and grandfather. [34], On appeal to the SupremeCourt, only four of the accused were sentenced to death and the others to various jail terms. Dhanu was a member of the LTTE. They are: On November 11, 2022, the Supreme Court of India ordered the release of six convicts in the 1991 Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, after the Tamil Nadu government controversially recommended their remission in March 2016. The trial was conducted under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities Act. Last moments of Rajiv Gandhi before he was assassinated The LTTE decision to kill him was perhaps aimed at preventing him from coming to power again. About Us | Privacy Policy | [2] At least 14 others, in addition to Rajiv Gandhi, were killed. The special investigation team of India's premier special investigation agency Central Bureau of Investigation was not able to pinpoint when the decision to kill Rajiv Gandhi was taken.[29]. Terrorism experts insist that anyone in such an involved conspiracy is acting of her own volition. Rajaratnam belonged to the former group. An LTTE activist named Thenmozhi Rajaratnam detonated an RDX-laden suicide belt while greeting Rajiv at a function. The main reason why Dhanu became a Tiger is that her brother was a well-known cadre who had died and she was carrying on the family tradition. [23] Thenmozhi was the daughter of a Sri Lankan Tamil man named A. Rajaratnam[22] and his second wife. Seven pillars surround the site of the blast, at the, Remains of clothing worn by Rajiv Gandhi during his assassination, The stone mosaic that stands at the location where Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated in, Rajiv Gandhi escapes an attempt on his life by a Sri Lankan Naval Cadet, How were Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi killed? Nalini - Wife of Murugan. They are: On November 11, 2022, the Supreme Court of India ordered the release of six convicts in the 1991 Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, after the Tamil Nadu government controversially recommended their remission in March 2016. Thirumavalavan with VCK have supported Congress under Sonia Gandhi in the past. Rajiv Gandhi's Assassin Thenmozhi Rajaratnam had Kaal Sarp Yog Thirumavalavan with VCK have supported Congress under Sonia Gandhi in the past. Thomas had said that "there were serious flaws" in the CBI's investigation, particularly related to the seizure of Rs. IN NEWSI. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial path, this was the path that Gandhi took before being assassinated. Sources have indicated that Gandhi was repeatedly informed that there was a threat to his life and that he should not travel to Tamil Nadu. The Supreme Court held that the decision to eliminate Gandhi was precipitated by his interview to Sunday magazine (2128 August 1990), where he stated that he would send the IPKF to disarm the LTTE if he returned to power. Shraddha Walkar case: What is DNA fingerprinting? - The Indian Express Rajiv, Begum and 15 others were killed. She argued that even life convicts were released after 14 years. Last Updated: 21st May 2020 11:22 AM. Do not interfere with our activities. Also other strong LTTE sympathizers Vaiko with MDMK and Thol. | LTTE | Operation Blue Star | Indian Politics, Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi - Why LTTE leader Prabhakaran was angry with India? Past abuses revisited | Amnesty International, "In the Supreme Court of India Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction", "I regret Rajiv Gandhi's assassination: Nalini", "My sins washed away, says Nalini Sriharan", "Rajiv Gandhi assassin Nalini Sriharan not to be freed", "Rajiv Gandhi's assassin Nalini gets back 'A' class jail facilities", "Rajiv Gandhi's killer Nalini breaks down", "Nalini shifted from Vellore jail to Puzhal", "After 19 yrs in jail for Rajiv murder, Nalini may be freed", "Probe Chandraswami's role in Rajiv case - Jain report", "CBI sees godman's role in Rajiv's killing", "IB hid crucial video on Rajiv Gandhi murder: Book", "Top LTTE leader apologizes to India for Rajiv's killing", "Rajiv Gandhi assassination video suppressed, claims book", "LTTE's messages show why Gandhi's murder should be re-probed (Part-1)". [49] In an interview in 2017, Justice K.T. Thereafter, the Justice J. S. Verma Commission was formed to look into the security lapses that contributed to the killing. Vaiko left the UPA alliance before the 2009 election, partly due to the Sri Lankan issue. [48] The interim report of the JainCommission created a storm when it accused M.Karunanidhi the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu of a role in the assassination, leading to Congress withdrawing its support for the I.K.Gujral government and fresh elections in 1998. In Image: Former Prime Ministers V P Singh and Rajiv Gandhi. The fact is she had died in the explosion that killed Gandhi on May 21, 1991 in Sriperumbudur, near Chennai. Yes, schoolgirls kidnapped by Boko Haram certainly cannot be considered independent actors. The Commission report stated that the year 1989 signified "the perpetuation of the general political trend of indulging the Tamil militants on Indian soil and tolerance of their wide-ranging criminal and anti-national activities". TIMELINE - Female suicide bombers | Reuters 'They lost their loved one,' Nalini wants to turn the page on Rajiv She bent down on the pretext to touch Rajiv Gandhi's speech and instead detonated an RDX explosive belt tucked under her dress, killing her, Rajiv Gandhi, and 14 others. Website Designed, Developed & Maintained by Express Network Private Ltd. Rajiv Gandhi, India's sixth Prime Minister, was assassinated on 21 May 1991 at Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu. "Killing Rajiv Gandhi: Dhanu's sacrificial metamorphosis in death. The main reason why Dhanu became a Tiger is that her brother was a well-known cadre who had died and she was carrying on the family tradition. [30][31] This created a storm in India. Clearly, they are too young to be considered acting of their own volition. [21][22] She was inspired by the Tamil militant group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil Tigers) at a young age, and joined the Black Tigers (suicide bombers). Terms of Use | Nalini, who is the wife of an LTTE operative known as V Sriharan alias Murugan, another convict in the case who had been sentenced to death, later gave birth to a girl, Harithra Murugan in prison. The final report, submitted in June 1992, concluded that the security arrangements for the former PM were adequate but that the local Congress party leaders disrupted and broke these arrangements.[14]. Nalini - Wife of Murugan. However, the state government rejected her request. History for UPSC, Rajiv Gandhi Assassination | UPSC Polity | Why SC Released Convicts? The views expressed in comments published on newindianexpress.com are those of the comment writers alone. Thirumavalavan with VCK have supported Congress under Sonia Gandhi in the past. Meet the Karunanidhi clan: The vast family tree of TN's departed leader Ms A. Athirai, an accused, was 17 years old when she was arrested. The agency created a special investigation team under D. R. Karthikeyan[18] to determine who was responsible for the assassination. [8] Gandhi, his assassin and 14 others were killed in the explosion that followed, along with 43 others who were grievously injured. Nalini, who is the wife of an LTTE operative known as V Sriharan alias Murugan, another convict in the case who had been sentenced to death, later gave birth to a girl, Harithra Murugan in prison. Copyright - newindianexpress.com 2023. | Express Photo, Samdani Begam with Rajiv Gandhi moments before the assassination at Sriperumbudur. 150 Liked by Thenmozhi Rajendran. [3] It was carried out by Kalaivani Rajaratnam (popularly known by her assumed names Thenmozhi Rajaratnam and Dhanu),[1][4] a member of the Sri Lankan Tamil separatist organization Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) along with Dr. Jagjit Singh Chohan of the National Council of Khalistan (NCK) and Gurjant Singh Budhsinghwala of the Khalistan Liberation Force. [48] Sikh Militants were also suspected, later proven true. Santhan alias T. Suthenthiraraja - A Sri Lankan national. Disclaimer : We respect your thoughts and views! Follow us for updates, India's manufacturing PMI hits four-monthhigh in April, Tamil Nadu government withdraws contentious bill on flexible working hours. The party also demanded the removal of DMK from the UF government, arguing that it had played a key role in the death of Rajiv Gandhi. However, on 21 May 1991,. The list of 50 most wanted men from India, which was given to Pakistan in March, had names of two men who were actually in India and not in Pakistan. However, no action was taken on the recommendations of the commission. Under TADA the accused could be convicted on the basis of evidence that would have been insufficient for conviction by an ordinary court under normal Indian law. S Nalini Sriharan is the lone surviving member of the five-member squad behind the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and is serving life imprisonment. Supreme Court judgment Along the way, he was garlanded by many well-wishers, Indian National Congress workers and school children. The Indian government investigation of the Gandhi assassination discovered a plan of striking sophistication plotted over many months. In the Jain report, various people and agencies are named as suspected of having been involved in the murder of Rajiv Gandhi. Judge Wadhwa further stated there was nothing on record to show that the intention to kill Rajiv Gandhi was to overawe the government. Moderate. His funeral was broadcast live nationally and internationally, and was attended by dignitaries from over 60 countries. Easy. They do not represent the views or opinions of newindianexpress.com or its staff, nor do they represent the views or opinions of The New Indian Express Group, or any entity of, or affiliated with, The New Indian Express Group. The trial was conducted under the TerroristandDisruptiveActivitiesAct. The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, former PrimeMinisterofIndia, occurred as a result of a suicidebombing in Sriperumbudur in TamilNadu, India on 21 May 1991. 14 others were also killed in the south Indian town of Sriperumbudur near Chennai. In terms of competence, he said, "coercion brings the worst you have to offer"; in contrast, many of these women are -- like Dhanu -- highly capable. The assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, former Prime Minister of India, occurred as a result of a suicide bombing in Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu, India on 21 May 1991. The SIT probe confirmed the role of the LTTE in the assassination,[19] which was upheld by the Supreme Court of India. thenmozhi rajaratnam daughter. Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi ~ Everything You Need to Know with Photos Granddaughter Thenmozhi Thenmozhi is married to CK Ranganathan, who owns CavinKare. However, the court confirmed that the death sentence was given to only four of the convicts, including Nalini, on 11 May 1999. Pronunciation of Thenmozhi Rajaratnam with 2 audio pronunciations. An LTTE activist named Thenmozhi Rajaratnam detonated an RDX-laden suicide belt while greeting Rajiv at a function. Partner site: Zee News 1998-2022 Diligent Media Corporation Limited, All Rights Reserved. Gandhi, his assassin and 14 others were killed in the explosion that followed, along with 43 others who were grievously injured. [7] When Rajiv reached a campaign rally in Sriperumbudur, he left his car and began walking towards the dais where he was to deliver a speech. How to pronounce Thenmozhi Rajaratnam | HowToPronounce.com [38][39][40] Murugan, Santhan and Perarivalan, the three convicts condemned to death, claimed that they were not ordinary criminals but political prisoners.[41][42][43]. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam | Historica Wiki | Fandom she joined the Tamil Tigers movement in hopes of establishing the independent state of Tamil Eelam on Sri Lanka. While, Wazhul Kamar Khan, was also shown as wanted in the 2003 Mulund train bomb blast case, whereas he was residing in Thane with his family. ", Rudolph, Lloyd I. Upon appeal, the death sentence of only four of the twenty . Thenmozhi Rajaratnam, also known as Kalaivani Rajaratnam, Dhanu or Gayatri, the human bomb, was inspired by LTTE at a young age and joined the Black Tigers (suicide bombers). He further said Rajiv's assassination was "well planned and done actually with Prabhakaran and (LTTE intelligence chief Pottu Amman). She "regrets" the killing of the former Prime Minister and claims that the real conspirators have not been booked yet. [39][40][41] Murugan, Santhan and Perarivalan, the three convicts condemned to death, claimed that they were not ordinary criminals but political prisoners.[42][43][44]. Roberts, Michael. The CBI says the designated TADA Court in Chennai awarded death sentences to all the 26 accused. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam Death Fact Check, Birthday & Date of Death Among them was Thenmozhi Rajaratnam (Dhanu) who approached him and garlanded him. The Narasimha Rao government initially rejected Verma's findings but later accepted it under pressure. Thenmozhi Rajaratnam - Facts, Bio, Favorites, Info, Family - Sticky Facts ", - Sewa Dass Singh, Phiruman Akali Dal leader (1992), The assassination was carried out by Kalaivani Rajaratnam (popularly known by her assumed names Thenmozhi Rajaratnam and Dhanu). After having goofed up on the 50 most wanted list earlier this year, the agency has scored another major blooper. Under the TADA an accused can appeal only to the SupremeCourt. [1] She was born on 1 January 1974 in Sri Lanka. The bomber bent down to touch the former PM's feet during a poll rally and detonated an RDX explosive-laden belt tucked below her dress at 10.10 pm. The SIT probe confirmed the role of the LTTE in the assassination,[19] which was upheld by the Supreme Court of India. Legal experts were divided. The Narasimha Rao government initially rejected Verma's findings but later accepted it under pressure. | Express Photo, In this 8 June 2015 photo, Perarivalan, one of the convicts in Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, is seen being brought to the RGGGH for a master health check up | Express Photo by P Jawahar, The final moments of Rajiv Gandhi's life and the event were captured by Hari Babu, a photographer present at the event. However, the state government rejected her request. State of Tamil Nadu through Superintendent of police, CBI/SIT v/s Nalini and 25 others. [51] The interim report of the Jain Commission created a storm when it accused M. Karunanidhi the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu of a role in the assassination, leading to Congress withdrawing its support for the I. K. Gujral government and fresh elections in 1998. Karthikeyan. | Express Photo, Seventy-year-old Anandraj, a Dravida Kazhagam activist, in whose house at Anna Nagar in Naavalpattu, the LTTE hardcore militant Santhan committed suicide by consuming cyanide. Karthikeyan. Hence it was held that it was not a terrorist act under TADA (Act). In the Jain report, various people and agencies are named as suspected of having been involved in the murder of Rajiv Gandhi. The party also demanded the removal of DMK from the UF government, arguing that it had played a key role in the death of Rajiv Gandhi. She argued that even life convicts were released after 14 years. [44][45][46] One of the accused, Ranganath, said Chandraswami was the godfather who financed the killing. [29][30] This created a storm in India. However, no action was taken on the recommendations of the commission. Rate the pronunciation difficulty of Thenmozhi Rajaratnam. The article explains the many ways in which female bombers have become "ideal weapons": "At security points run by men, they are often searched less thoroughly, if at all. [45][46][47] One of the accused, Ranganath, said Chandraswami was the godfather who financed the killing. [1] He allegedly was described as Velupillai Prabhakaran's mentor; and he played a vital role in moulding the LTTE chief's thinking during the movement's formative years between 1972 and 1975. In fact, the then governor of Tamil Nadu Bhishma Narain Singh, broke official protocol and twice warned Gandhi about the threat to his life if he visited the state.

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