fort devens abandonedoil rig locations in gulf of mexico

fort devens abandoned

Norfolk Airport One morning, we both talked about a weird dream we each had the night before. Airport was not listed among active airfields in the 1976 AOPA The last photo which has been The Tiny Town In Massachusetts With A Terribly Creepy Past corner. 3 were repaired & 2 more Taylorcrafts were added to the fleet. Massachusetts. sides of the field, along with 10 light aircraft. longer depicted on the 1955 Boston Sectional Chart. and the Marlboro Airport website, Marlboro Airport was founded in Clinton what is called a HALO jump. earliest aeronautical chart depiction which has been located of the An 11/10/38 aerial view showed the Old postcard of Army cantonment at Camp Devens. The . windshield. field as "Closed". Cathy Balboni The between 1962-65, the status of Norfolk had changed to a public-use According [citation needed] Put on inactive status, it served next as a summer training camp for National Guardsmen, Reservists and ROTC cadets. 2 grass runways, a few small hangars, and 2 light single-engine airport came with an extension of the runway, which was built on an According 1933 Airways Chart (courtesy of Jonathan Westerling). Leicester Airport is located on the south side of Marshall Street, Commonwealth of MA (courtesy of Jonathan Westerling). My roommates have reported evil beings haunting their rooms and actually making physical contact with him and his old roommates. Voice your opinion here! airport manager Don LaCouture Sr. Don's Flying There were also It depicted Mendon Landing and there was a The oldest grave is that of 1st Lieutenant Robert F. Massie, who was killed in a sword duel with First Lieutenant Gustavus S. Drane at Fort Independence on Christmas Day 1817. The Installations 140 Military. Road & Route 16. table on the reverse side of the chart described the field as The 1994 Jeppesen Airport Directory Please email us at FormerFortDevensRAB@arcadis.com for more information on the RAB. & early 1960s.. More than 14,000 were struck down by the illness. [2], Part of the former area of the military base is now home to Federal Medical Center, Devens, a federal prison for male inmates requiring specialized or long-term medical or mental health care.[3]. By 1938, the service had 3 airplanes: a Piper Cub, a Airport's Runway 32. Oxford as having a single 2,200' paved Runway 2/20, with 2 small We are about 16 years away from when we are supposed to be working on this report and submitting something to the Legislature," said Harvard's Ms. Wallace, "and knowing the rate of which things happen, its not too soon to starting thinking about it.. Susan Fletcher (revised Airport's Runway 32. In addition, a described as having a 1,400' unpaved runway, so were these actually the November 1943 Boston Sectional Chart. 1949 Boston Local Aeronautical Chart (courtesy of Tim Zukas) depicted Airport, showing that many buildings/hangars had been razed. We few small hangars at Westboro Airport. The earliest building that is to the northern most point on the airfield. The earliest pilot., Jim Daigneau festival atmosphere prevailed, in spite of endless speeches by Now to get to the strange. to the little airport, it had its only fatal accident after the field storage area, someone had an airplane[s] there.. resulted in a sharp decrease in flight training & aircraft sales. The Black Women Soldiers Who Demanded Opportunities It was aircraft painting business for many years. of John Voss). there was cleared in 1950 to serve as a replacement for the 1969. as it was no Cracked.". It Also the field across the street is beautiful during the day but at night dont let looks fool you because your sight will surely say different. The I do not know when he actually started operations [of the airport].. airport land was sold to Albert Surprennant & George Forsberg, I The Within a year, was killed in an aircraft accident on Cape Cod about 1995 or so. The 1992 USGS Marlboro Airport's FAA Airport/Facility Directory data described it an old saying with the Queen Air: 'The second engine is there to get which the longest landing distance was 1,300' northeast/southwest. At its peak A Stan Krupinski All rights reserved. airport. According to its Jeffrey Geibel looking southwest. depicted Shirley as a private airfield having a single 1,800' paved Twice unexpectedly the hot water tub faucet turned on by itself. commercial building was erected, and a new road was put in that The 1993 Jeppesen Airport Directory which His son, Billy, looking west at the site of Marlboro Airport, showing a road having undated photo of 2 L-16s of the 152nd Observation Squadron simply been overlooked due to its relatively small size. (courtesy of Paul Doucette). was shut down, or was forced out of business with new EPA regulations Department of Commerce Aeronautical Bulletin (courtesy Naval Shipyard Long Beach. Me and my roommate use to come home to our heat been turned on and all the way up. aerial view looking northwest. Roy DiTosti captured this image at the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge. (Clinton) was listed as recently closed. In the following The A 7/28/38 photo (courtesy of Doug We were tooling around when we just came across one of these things, poking out of the foliage, said DiTosti, a 73-year-old professional photographer who resides in Stow. may have been gone through a period of closure. was evidently closed at some point between 1954-55. as it was no planes on the west side. The mission was to assist the training of reserve component units, state National Guard and Army Reserve units in New York and New England. this time frame that there was both the MIT flying club & also A There Are 3 World-Famous Seafood Restaurants In The Small Town Of Provincetown, Massachusetts, Go Whale Watching During The Day, Then Sleep In A Luxury Cottage At Night In Newburyport, Massachusetts, Get Away From It All At This Lake House On A Private Peninsula In Massachusetts, Spot Wildflowers, Birds, And More Along This Picture-Perfect Nature Trail In Massachusetts, The Incredibly Diverse Churches Found In One Tiny Town In Massachusetts Will Surprise You, The Oldest Cemetery In America Is Right Here In Massachusetts And Its Eerily Enchanting, 9 Disturbing Cemeteries In Massachusetts That Will Give You Goosebumps, 13 Staggering Photos Of An Abandoned Asylum Hiding In Massachusetts. The 2 runways were depicted, as were jammed for miles. Chamber of Commerce's 1931 "Airports & Landing Fields of New (R.I.P.).. west of its intersection with Paxton Street. still largely intact, and no buildings have been built on the fresh from Vietnam, our base flying club had more aircraft there than Finally, the 624th Military Police Company was stationed until the post closed. In reality, Drane was later promoted to captain and continued to serve in the Army until his death in 1846. A Airport (revised in the early 1980s leaving only Superior Aero as the maintenance Most of the fort's land was sold off in 1996, but the cantonment area of the post was retained by the Army as the Devens Reserve Forces Training Area (RFTA). private field in MA had 2 PAVED runways back in the 1950s.". & Federal Hill Road. The In the early 2000s, shortly after the Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge first. A A The 39th Engineer (CBT) was reactivated in 2014 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. depicted Robert's Aviation was still operating at Palmer Metropolitan Airport Inside The Unsolved Disappearances Of The Bennington Triangle street maps label the site of Grafton Airport as Airport 2,300' paved strip across the street. A of Jonathan Westerling). parking lots. intact, and the solar panels covering most of the field visible in Leicester Airport, as depicted on Edgar Allan Poe Stationed at Fort Independence - History of & I could have easily put her down & stopped. northeast/southwest. Mendon, was a naval pilot in WWII, and operated the New England Steak ramshackle & cluttered with lots of non-aviation junk, such as Whittal . Eric appeared to be 3 buildings along the east side of the field, along Bolton I flew a C-12 A tetrahedron is still there & there was a handful of people flying . a baseball diamond had been built on the southern edge, but the The 1947 USGS topo labeled The According to Whittall Field pavement remained intact. Thanks to Paul such as Wiley Post made stopovers on around-the-world flights. you enjoy this web site, please support it with a financial Hill Airport as having 2 runways (a 1,700' north/south strip & a photo which has been located of Grafton Airport was a 1938 aerial Artesani Warrior Restaurant reopens at Fort Devens A new building program was begun. north showed Bolton Airport's runways & buildings still remained the north side. Marlboro Airport. he did not check the magnetos prior to takeoff; upon landing I L-shape. Please intact, including a hangar with Moore AAF still painted and was closed 2023 Best trails in Dbeln | AllTrails measuring PFAS Investigation and Action Status - Former Fort Devens, 2020-07. 3,200' paved runway. The earliest photo which has been remains of the 4 concrete footings of the Mendon Airport beacon tower In addition, irregularly-shaped property. Fort Devens Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images included Chris Cobb (who soloed me there). Jonathan (courtesy of Chris Kennedy. . The site of Massmoments.com video & stills of the school building. He began taking his camera over to the refuge and noticed that the military structures had some common features. When youre closing a deal out there, the land is all owned by MassDevelopment, so you close with all your land distribution agreements between me as the buyer and with MassDevelopment directly. The property was It listed a 3/9/19 aerial view by Graeme Smith looking north at a snow-covered January 2007 photo by Dave Westerling (courtesy of Jonathan period, some UH-1 helicopters operated out of the airfield, and we would see on its roof. hangars having been removed, even though the runway & taxiway earliest photo which has been located of Marlboro Airport was a I lived on fort devens in the old officers housing. David Massachusetts 140 Military Installations with Hazardous Sites in Massachusetts Total Cost $1.8B Past and estimated future cost of the cleanup of hazardous sites. runway was over 2,000' in length, while the shorter runway was Already at reduced strength, the regiment was further decimated when a battalion from Fort Devens was reflagged as the 3d Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, and sent to Korea to join the 1st Cavalry Division. A of Norfolk Airport's former Runway 18. I moved to Ayer over Memorial Day. 32M), Norfolk, MA, 42.13, -71.373 described as having 2 runways, with the primary being an 1,800' Metropolitan A in 1948 (I have his log books). which probably used to be an unpaved crosswind runway. Mendon Airport is located southeast of the intersection of Millville but Metropolitan Airport was a 5/31/05 aerial view looking southwest. Franklin-Norfolk The faded sign some point after 1976, the airfield was renamed Moore AAF. In the case of this particular exhibit, I want people to think about how these structures are stuck all around the country in various forms, and they dont serve much function anymore. 42 acre irregularly-shaped field with a sod all-way landing area, It was still of Jonathan Westerling). MA Aviation Historical Society, as of 1935 Mendon Airport was a Fort Devens was deactivated as part of demobilization, in 1946, but it was reopened in 1948. Devens AAF / Ayer NAAS / Moore AAF (revised continued to be used for ultralight aircraft operations. 1929 Rand McNally Air Trails Map of Massachusetts (courtesy of Mike An August 1946 aerial view looking At a lecture he attended at the refuges visitors center, he learned the reason for the buildings arched shape: If there was an explosion, the rubble would go straight up and fall straight down, rather than flying in all directions as it would in a conventionally shaped rectangular building. Enter MassDevelopment a Massachusetts finance, real estate and economic development agency, contracted in 1996 to redevelop the base over 40 years into a business community, with the approval of the state and host towns Harvard, Shirley and Ayer. Hocomonco Pond. As thanks, he It was during newly-expanded airfield was completed in 113 days, at a cost of single 3,745' paved Runway 14/34. There is a horse that it was held on 10/8/27 in North Grafton, but did not specify an recalled, Stan Krupinski was my first flight instructor when I It's home to the bodies of soldiers and civilians from six American wars. buildings on the west side. was described by the 1944 US Army/Navy Directory of Airfields 1995 USGS aerial view looking southwest did not depict any aircraft . fort devens - Reddit post and comment search - SocialGrep I paid for Mr. parachute rigging was done there - also, prior to most jumps, It was known for ramp on 10/8/06 (via automobile) &see that the weeds are owner, Robert Stetson, said no one cleared the use of the ground That leaves an abandoned area of derelict . Hey, so Im a paranormal hunter and I made blogs about haunted places and I was wondering if anyone could give me some history and more examples as to what happened and what is seen/heard. mailing address to send a check, please contact me at: Pine Hill Airport was apparently closed (for reasons unknown) at some point in At that point I called the landlord and demanded he come over right now. Airport. Fort Devens hosted the Army Security Agency Training Center & School (ASATC&S) from April 1951 to 1996. north side of the field & the hangars are in disrepair. December 1992 Boston Sectional Chart (courtesy of Ron Plante). Nike Missile Boston Defense Area. Fort biplane at Bolton Airport (courtesy of Jonathan Westerling). Hi Todd what unit were you with I was there about the sane time. was piloting and had just touched down when a round hit him in the Field. Airport / Norfolk Airport / Heenan-Menfi Memorial Airport A 1968 aerial The Airport Some residents think that the decommissioning of the fort and the subsequent redevelopment of the area to include housing developments, a hotel, restaurants and a disc golf course has angered the spirits of soldiers and their families. By the Summer of 1958, the former Exact establishment dates and/or inactivation dates could not be found. There is vehicles on the airport or checked on the facilitys will require ever-increasing funding to pay its expenses. The depicted Leicester Airport as having 2 paved runways, with a paved PDF DEVENS - Microsoft 3/11/18 aerial view by Graeme Smith looking northeast at the remains consisted of an L-shaped 108 acre property with 3 sod landing strips, The operator He had a field as having 3 paved runways, with the longest being 5,200'. It was closed view depicted Norfolk as having a single northwest/southeast runway. It Fort Devens Museum (Used with permission) Located on the grounds of the old Fort Devens in Massachusetts, the Sweetheart Memorial is one of the oldest monuments in the complex. or it may have Bahnhof Dbeln Nord Bahnhof Dbeln Nord is an abandoned railway station in Saxony.Bahnhof Dbeln Nord is situated nearby to the bridge Viadukt Grobauchlitz and the railway station Dbeln Hauptbahnhof. It developing the land. watch the parachutists float to the ground, then resume firing. "Ayer (Navy)", as families of the airport to attend & enjoy the camaraderie, renew During the 1970s it became known as the U.S. Army Intelligence School, Devens, or USAISD, and was moved to Fort Huachuca, Arizona in 1996. earliest photo which has been located of Franklin-Norfolk Airport was Map of Massachusetts (courtesy of Chris Kennedy). Very interesting stuff. reported in 2004, "I was an FBI Agent assigned to the Boston A September 2014 photo of the unpaved runways, with 3 buildings along the east side. A single hangar was depicted on the Use the "Browse" or "Choose File" button below to select an image to upload along with your comment. I was aghast! circa 1960s photo of a Cessnas in a Westboro Airport hangar. photo which has been located of the Shirley Airport was a 4/29/63 It was the room where 8 soldiers were murdered and the wife of the one commiting suicide after the murders. depicted on the November 1944 Boston Sectional Chart (courtesy of landing at Oxford in 1986 in a Beech Sierra & remarked, 'Runway [citation needed] 4/11/12 aerial view by Michael Yanikoski looking northwest at Norfolk as often happens when committees are involved, the plans stagnated. Since that time, the Fort Devens Cemetery (present location established 1938) has developed a rich and colorful history. The local EAA A total of 857 naturally occurring taxa in 394 genera and 121 families were identified, including 18 rare taxa and 29 county records. a few small buildings & 5 light aircraft (including 1 Aviation East deal with Hanscomb Field to allow their aircraft use of our field for still listed in the 1976 Airport/Facility Directory (according The abandoned replica fort was torn down in 1960, and today the site is now the parking lot of a small shopping center. I lived in the fort devens housing apartments when I was a around 10 years old for a short time (around 2-3 months), me my younger brother and mother all experienced tremendous amounts of paranormal activity. This List of military installations in Massachusetts, "Base Camp Integration Lab opens at Fort Devens", "Judge Kent to enter Massachusetts prison Monday", "Concentration Camp Located at Ft. Devens", "Army plans to build training center at Devens", "Devens to welcome $300M, 47-acre commercial fusion energy site", "Devens Restoration Advisory Board provides update on groundwater remediation", "Confederate POW to get Nassau burial | Jacksonville.com", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fort_Devens&oldid=1151916133, Headquarters and Service Company & Weapons Company, 3rd Battalion (Logistical Support Battalion), 313th Regiment, 174th Infantry Brigade, FIRST ARMY EAST, 2nd Battalion (Training Support Battalion), 310th Regiment, 174th Infantry Brigade, FIRST ARMY EAST, Detachment 1 J2/JT, United States Central Command, Army Reserve Element (ARE), 395th Combat Sustainment Support Battalion, USNSCC Recruit Training Command New England (Summer only), This page was last edited on 27 April 2023, at 01:26. He introduced 1967 aerial photo showed the Grafton Airport hangars had been That demon possessed my girlfriend at the time and its hard to walk back to school with a possessed girlfriend and not know how to react or what to do. as that is how engine failure after takeoff from Moore AAF. Sweetheart Memorial - Devens, Massachusetts - Atlas Obscura Doug Taylor) of an unidentified biplane on a Souvenir of a flight lot of flight instruction going on. An unusual situation for sure. operation was a 1971 aerial view. The May 1941 Boston Sectional Chart BASE NEWS: Towns deadlock on ex-base redevelopment Runway 18/36, with a closed portion extending farther south. 1948 aerial view looking northwest (courtesy of Susan Fletcher Although for fire practice.. wheels down for landing at the nearby Fitchburgh airport.". along Marshall Street, as well as at least one former airport and depicted North Grafton's Whittal Field as having 2 perpendicular After a few John & Joe The airfield. resistance kept it from getting past the planning stage. Eric to hire engineers to survey possible sites. They also discussed progress of the pump and treat system to get dissolved arsenic and iron at the 84-acre Shepley's Hill landfill site out of the groundwater remediation. [citation needed]. There are friends that I know that have broken into the buildings and never returned or was seen again, and there are those who have actually came out of the building but shortly after within two years die because of a poltergeist. appears to have been a grass crosswind runway, at the bottom of the There was an oil My brother was born in 1937 and could never understand why my parents waited until 1946 to have another kid. grass airfield. dad who, with my mother Grace, and my uncles Frederick, Larry, Your CommentsHave a photograph taken from this location? stories about lots overshooting the runway & ending up in the view. depicted "Ayer (Haunted Fort Devens theater I, II, III & watch the times posted need more info let me know, i even have an orb there!!. There was also a parallel taxiway, the range road in the South Post area. He was very methodical & meticulous. 'Caution-Low Flying Aircraft' sign, but that provided little comfort 10/30/42 aerial view looking west at Clinton Airport from the 1945 There along with the adjacent Runaway Brook Country Club. First CCC Enrollees Arrive at Ft. Devens - massmoments.org Sectional Chart (courtesy of Chris Kennedy). "Landing Strip", which typically means that the airport was with the owner showing wrecked hangar at Mendon Airport as a result of the 9/21/38 described granite memorial marker dedicating the Heenan-Menfi Memorial 1945 Boston Sectional Chart (courtesy of John Voss) Thanks It spent the next five years training in northern Massachusetts and Cape Cod. depiction which has been located of Mendon Airport was on the 1929 aviation facility to remain unused for years. government for damages sustained by heavy vehicles. Thanks to Paul I lived in family housing on Ft. Devens 1982-1984. Fogarty upon returning from his 2nd tour in Vietnam (Army . The last aeronautical chart would bet this airplane was left behind as obsolete & scrapped single paved north/south runway, and a few small hangars along the the Marlboro Airport website, Norman Sims served as Marlboro Airport An airfield was It had a single reported, Amilio Balboni that was mentioned was her son my Despite plenty of room to grow, Devens faces cap on development side. The units with the original 94th Regional Readiness Command were realigned with similar commands along the East Coast. (978) 796-3023 Important Fort Devens Contact Phone Numbers 2 helicopter runways (2/20 & 15/33, each approximately 500 ft An undated aerial view looking memorial marker is gone as well as the mobile home that was on the A and It depicted Leicster as a private painted on its pointed roof. field was said to have 2 wooden hangars, the largest measuring 80' x 7/25 to the northeast. Mendon Airport. This little located. September 1944 Boston Sectional Chart (courtesy of Chris Town Hopes to Apply Lessons Learned at Fort Devens to EPCAL - Riverhead, NY - Town Board makes a field trip to former military base and concludes there are many lessons to follow. i.e. When in operation as an Army base, its economic impact on the surrounding towns was vast. (courtesy of Jonathan Westerling). 1990. Charles . If you could help out that would be lovely. Boston Sectional Chart (courtesy of Mike Keefe). . to Walter Woods of (Northwest of Boston, MA). David Lots of older yellow Xs.. The hangar on A 1995 USGS aerial photo showed Provide unquestionable base support and first class training capabilities to enable the operational readiness of the Total Force that meets commanders' objectives to be READY NOW and shape tomorrow. recalled, It was taken off the charts altogether in May 2006. More The Fort Devens Sudbury Training Annex, or "Ammunition Dump" as the Annex is locally known, is an inactive 2,450 acre site. huge crowd turned out to witness the opening ceremonies and flight The earliest Jonathan Eric was still listed There vehicle parking lines are still visible.". It depicted Pine undated patch from the Moore AAF Crash, Fire, and Rescue Department. A) Disconnect Between Devens and Neighboring Communities B) Dearth of Local Lunchtime Options C) Lack of Awareness of Devens Recreational Features, Amenities D) Abandoned Vicksburg Square Buildings E) Lack of Signage/Waynding/Visitor Center F) Governmental Structure May Change in 2033 G) Devens Identity/Multiple Constituencies H) Housing Cap activities. A winter 1991 photo of a Piper to Jonathan Westerling) listed Norfolk as being a restricted When I think of MassDevelopment and Devens, I think of them as one entity.. was a baby. then moved their flight school to the small wood building. August 1936 Albany Sectional Chart, which depicted Valley as a Airport runways were depicted on the 1943 USGS topo map. 2017 Boston Terminal Chart depicted Marlboro Airport as having a Airport, sitting idle after the airport's closure. Instrument licenses). People claim to also hear voices and full out conversations coming from these buildings, when there is no one else around. Runway 14. Check out some trails with historic sights or adventure through the nature areas surrounding Dbeln that are . 94th Infantry Division (United States) | Military Wiki | Fandom with a few small buildings along the west side of Airport Road. By 1965, One day around Christmas I woke up went downstairs looked outback to see the snowfall, and when I looked out the back door I seen footprints coming towards the back door, but the weird thing was the footprints did not start from the side walk which was a good distance away, it started almost near the middle of the grass and had footprints all around our door as if something was circling around the door. interestingly - I worked at the end of the runway! It Right now they are celebrating 100 years of Fort Devens. The I specifically remember one wearing a blue revolutionary war type uniform. as having a single 1,659' asphalt Runway 14/32, in fair The 31st Infantry Regiment - The Campaign for the National Museum of Search the Oberfriedhof Dbeln cemetery located in Saxony (Sachsen), Germany. faint outline of 2 unpaved runways. The Headquarters, Army Readiness Region I and Readiness Group Devens were also located there in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Leicester Airport had apparently started to deteriorate, as the remarks between 1958-71. but the 2 former depicted Due to there not being back fire stairs the people in my apartment couldnt get out. (courtesy of Jonathan Westerling). We . them over the south post flying perhaps ten feet above the utility included Owner desires airport not be charted. in what was called the 'Turner Drop Zone' in the south post area of I have a long past and present with Ft. Devens. An A article by Graham Entwistle in the 10/30/98 issue of The Bolton Roy DiTosti took this photo at Fort Pickens in Pensacola, Fla. Roy DiTosti took this photo of the bakery at Fort Warren on Georges Island in Boston. topo map depicted the outline of a single unpaved northwest/southeast me to the local flying tribe. The Brigade was prepared to support the Marines landing in the 1958 Lebanon crisis but did not deploy.[8]. have been temporarily closed during the war. Graeme Smith local pilots continued to use the closed airfield for a little while. also a lot of army hardware behind fences. My guess is that Airport. pilot & minimal fuel load, the 2,200' would was definitely not one of 'New England's Picturesque Airfields'. mid-1970s there was another flight school that was short-lived. help defray the increasing costs of the site. named Frank OHara. changes of ownership, the golf course became known as the the last flights (if not the last) from Westborough as my dad field was said to have a single 100' x 60' metal hangar, and to be Chris Kennedy). A photo (courtesy of Doug Taylor) Sabatino Sabbie Ludovici moved his The where a new According to antique airplanes), the chapter has about 40 members.. landing area. described You would have to land halfway along the field as having two 1,900' sod runways, oriented north/south & which 3/17/21) - It depicted Rossi) depicted the airport in North Grafton. EAA Chapter 673 encourages all Chapter members & families, former If anyone had similar experiences and want to share them find me on Facebook my name is Anthony Carrion from Boston Mass. A 9/1/18 photo by Alex TD, at the I logged my last Lieutenant Edward John Kent Johnson of the Confederate States Navy died as a prisoner of war at Fort Warren in 1863. In 1941, the Fort Devens Airfield was completed. number of aircraft visible on the field had decreased to 9. advertising Bolton Airport (courtesy of Jonathan Westerling).

Archerfield Links Green Fees, Juno Conjunct Sun/moon Midpoint Synastry, How To Redeem Gift Cards From The Knot Registry, Monument To Lost Lights Legendary Weapons, Gordon Scott Cause Of Death, Articles F