They also used For the past 70 years, all major political officials have come from one political party, the Institutional Revolutionary Party or PRI. Jaime It is suspected that he may have been using whatever political clout he had left to influence then President-elect Fox's cabinet appointments, though Fox seems to be making very independent and creative choices in that area (Associated Press, 11/24/00). The Colombian profits would take a dive, but they would be alleviated of some of the risks involved in the business. Now more than $70 million in debt, it may not survive. Two left-wing terrorist groups, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN), have picked up the drug trade gavel dropped by the Colombian cartels, and are now running the show. A Federal Judicial Police officer was among the suspects arrested for the crime (Bulita, 1997). equipment, three drug packages weighing nearly a pound each, and 174 packages The Calexico area was once a relatively easy target for smugglers with only 81 agents assigned to patrol the area in 1996, and only a small handful of those 81 agents worked any given night shift. The Juarez Cartel - This cartel was run by a former Mexican federal police commander, Rafael Aguilar, and Amado Carrillo Fuentes. Grupo Beta has come under intense criticism of late, however, particularly in July of 2000 when three Beta officers who did not know how to swim were forced to simply watch as two illegals drown in the Rio Grande. Don't fall behind on your mordida! This arrangement did not last long, and a number of meetings were held between Mexican and Colombian cartel leaders in the early 1980s, shortly after the connection was made. Will the Colombian narco-terrorist groups realize success in their current struggles against the seated government? There is a public election, but it is little more than a public relations exercise designed primarily to placate the international community. They tried to run their organization from prison, but failed. several tons of methamphetamine in the 90's. (AFP, 8/19/00). By the time they returned with more firepower, the Mexican military personnel had finished their business and driven back across the border. Will such an effort be politically popular in Latin America? The hypocrisy of the United States, the worlds' largest consumer of illicit drugs, passing judgement and issuing sanctions if other nations refuse to fight the drug war in ways the United States itself refuses to do, is not lost on leaders both north and south of the border (AFP, 2/27/98; McMahon, 1996; Moore and Anderson, 1996). and Gary, Indiana, arrested 120 traffickers (of the 132 indicted) connected to AFP, "Mexican opposition parties discuss on alliance," 5/25/99, internet. Durango Cartel - EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki what I can see they do have the area on lockdown. Favoritism, corruption, and bossism are simply an institutionalized aspect of Mexican politics. The Mexican cartels control perhaps 80 percent of the American meth trade, and appear to now be expanding operations into Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. In retrospect, Abrego was probably the victim of his own success. AFP, "Mexico turns down request for extradition to US of methamphetamine king," 7/20/99, internet. Los herreras durango . - YouTube Leticia Herrera, alcaldesa de Gmez Palacio, tiene covid 19 While covert operations most certainly continue, the U.S. does run the risk of international embarrassment when and if they become publically uncovered. In these meetings, Fuentes (actually represented by Gulf Cartel leader Oscar Malherve) told the Colombians that he would continue to deal directly with Peru and Bolivia. Federal agents executed simultaneous arrests Nov. 15 in the Chicago area and in Laredo, Texas. #caballos #ganado #coleadera #durango #santiago #santiagopapasquiaro. Death in Durango: 2 die in San Dimas ~ Borderland Beat It could be argued however, that these were basically token seats, for the PRI maintained its iron hold on the nation's political scene. Word in Durango is that G-1 fucked up and that why he was handed over. He knew the identity and even selected Mexican policemen who were to be trained at Fort Bragg, North Carolina for special Mexican anti-drug forces. AFP, "Son of Puerto Rico's top cop among accused drug traffickers," 8/26/99, internet. Associated Press, "Former Mexican prosector indicted," 8/27/99, internet. Hank Gonzalez is a former mayor of Mexico City and held two separate cabinet posts under former President Carlos Salinas. They are a left wing organization that seeks more rights for Mexico's 10 million Indian population. AFP, "Mexican government rejects rebel proposal for peace," 3/4/98, internet. 2008 Jaime Herrera had three aircraft in Baja ,California for transporting El 02 and El 03 are said to be direct reports under El Mayo and his successor, Mayito Flaco. Carrillo Fuentes would eventually earn the nickname, "Lord of the Skies" for his diabolically brilliant ability to deliver literally tons of cocaine. Will this multinational initiative emerge as a truly effective and viable entity? Los Herreras - Wikipedia Possession of American currency has national security implications in Colombia - if you have lots of American cash it is surely drug money, and you may be working with our enemies - FARC and/or the ELN. McMahon, Colin, "U.S. pressure in drug war angers Mexico," Chicago Tribune, 2/5/96, p. 1. This paper examines the entities known generally as the Mexican drug cartels, explores the current state of political affairs in Mexico, and looks to the possible future activities of these organizations. Toluco is a hot head not like his old man. Toluco did start a drug rehab center in DGO so he is doing something good that other narcos or his dad did not do. Los Herreras is at 281 meters above sea level and is located in the east-central part of the state. They stayed with the lower figure in light of stiff complaints from the increasingly visible political opposition that the bailout was an attempt on the part of the government to protect rich bankers at the expense of Mexico's primarily poor taxpayers. AFP, "Durango drug cartel leader captured," 12/6/97, internet. Once nominated in this party-state system, the PRI candidate is all but elected. Consider the following strategies: 1. Another similar incident occurred in August of 1994, when a jet believed by intelligence to be carrying 10 tons of cocaine landed at Sombrerete, Zacatecas. Some of that embezzled money was also distributed as campaign contributions to several other PRI members, namely Renato Bega from Sinaloa, Eduardo Robledo from Chiapas, and more recent reports suggest that President Zedillo also accepted illegal contributions from Peniche. Reuters, "Justice Department investigating Salinas drug money laundering scheme," 5/10/97, internet. Special Agent Michael J. Tobin displayed how the cocaine had Whatever you say. At present, Mexican residents in the border zone are legally permitted to own American manufactured vehicles that are no less than five years old. Christian Science Monitor, "Mexico's growing drug cartel's seep across American border," 9/17/97, internet. By removing their partner cartels' competition in this almost amusingly self-righteous show of public and military force, greater profits will be realized by their partner cartels. Reuters, "U.S.-Mexico drug conspiracy is broken up," 2/27/98, internet. 11. AFP, "Former police chief arrested on drug charges," 2/27/99, internet. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison of Texas, however, who called for a moratorium on the certification process to give time for the newly elected presidents of both countries to consider new proposals (AFP, 9/22/00). by Chris Eskridge University of Nebraska. This meant that the Mexican cartels now had almost complete control of the cocaine trade in the United States, the largest cocaine market in the world. Edelbacher, Max, "Organized crime in Europe," Paper presented at the 1998 Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Meetings, Albuquerque, March 1998. The Cali Cartel, although down, still had an intelligence operation in tact. Associated Press, "Fox talks economics in Europe tour," 10/2/00, internet. What remains to be seen is if Fox is full of typical political rhetoric or atypical substance. reported on documents they received, leaked from an Army intelligence investigation into Durango politicians involved in organized crime. In the end, the opposition settled on Vicente Fox, and with the support of the coalition, he defeated the PRI candidate Labastida in the July 2000 elections and took office December 1, 2000. All told, the drug trade remains a mega-billion dollar industry; $400 billion a year worldwide, with perhaps as much as $40 billion of that finding its way to Mexico each year, as has been noted above. More research needs to be undertaken into the structures, techniques, and impacts of organized crime on society. In September of 1999, the Mexican Congress asked the Mexican Supreme Court to intervene and force Zedillo to reveal the exact nature of his relationship with Carlos Peniche. Move into the money laundering trade.(5). In 1963, the much loved Mexican President Lopez Mateos instituted measures that permitted new voices to enter the Chamber of Deputies. The Mexican and Colombian cartels began another series of meetings. Zacatecas state is a leading source of migrants to the United States with seven percent of its 1.3 million people north of the border at any one time and $240 million a year in remittances coming home. Police and military officials are paid an extraordinarily low wage roughly 3,000 pesos ($300) a month (AFP, 8/4/99). El 02 was later released from prison under what some might characterize as suspicious circumstances. [1] In 2001, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration identified the Durango Cartel as one of the six principal Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) engaged in trafficking drugs into the United States.[2]. While there would be many obstacles, there is no compelling reason a similar spirit of cooperation could not be developed in time between agents and agencies throughout the Americas. Once everything that has to be done in the domicile where this activity took place is concluded, the detainee will be transferred to the facilities of the federal Attorney General's Office [in Mexico City].. Delve into Los Herrera. This blow could have brought the cartels into an all out war, and it would have, if not for the wisdom of Carrillo Fuentes. Miraculously, in January of 1997, 3 years early, Mexico paid off the last of the $20 billion it borrowed to stabilize its economic free-fall (Blustein, 1997; Wall Street Journal, 3/16/97; see also Shaffer, 1996). Do you have a friend in Los Herrera and want to send them a gift through the postal service? The author wishes to thank Brandon Paeper, Brittawni Olson, Ann Marie Lambert, Denise Olson and Pat O'Day for their help, assistance and insight. Among other initiatives, he has called for the creation of a Mexican Truth Commission to examine past atrocities and bring those responsible to justice. Una tradicin del norte del pas. Less than two years later, President Madero was removed from office and executed, and the nation plunged into a dark decade of violence. (6) The plan was never able to be fully realized, for on July 4, 1997, Carrillo Fuentes died while undergoing plastic surgery. Auto theft fell about 20 percent in 1997 due to these efforts. The raw materials are smuggled into the United States, where meth labs, typically made up of both legal and illegal Mexican immigrants, produce the finished product. Herrera Herrera was also in wanted by United States authorities for carrying AFP, "Mexico's PRD rejects PRI win in Tabasco, call for civil disobedience," 10/18/00, internet. The market was wrested away from the biker gangs in a somewhat bloody, but brief war. It is of interest to note that all of the decisions rendered in all of these cases were made after certification decisions for the year were already in place. How will the cartels respond to the two party/multiple party system, if indeed this arrangement continues to establish itself on the Mexican political terrain. head of la Divisin Antidrogas de la corporacin, Ramn Eduardo Pequeo,, said D. The President's decision stands, unless Congress overrides that decision within 30 days. Established in about 1945, the cartel is now an international organized crime syndicate, operating throughout North and South America. Y lo qu les deca a las personas qu le exigan justicia por lo qu haca su protegido el g 1? AFP, "Mexico banks get strict regulations," 9/21/99, internet. Sad state of situation in Mexico, Seems like the new security strategy starting to show results!! A inicios de agosto el gobierno mexicano anunci la captura del presunto lder del Crtel Santa Rosa de Lima, Jos Antonio Ypez Ortz, alias El "Marro", como una victoria sobre el narcotrfico y. An important Sinaloa Cartel - Los Cabreras figure named Gerardo Soberanes Ortiz, alias "El G1", was arrested in Durango. A number of human rights groups have become involved, and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace recently issued a report that was critical of both governments. In the short run, the harsh reality is that transnational organized crime in general and the Mexican cartels in particular, are here to stay, and there is likely little that can be done to counter their collective impact for now. A12, A14. It appears as if the cartel leaders, even those who are not in partnership with the Mexican leadership, are willing to play along with the certification game, to give themselves up from time to time for a token arrest, and to let a small cache of their drugs be publicly "captured" and burned to achieve a positive public relations effect. Los Herrera in Estado de Durango - tripmondo.com Other high ranking government officials have also succumbed to the ready money offered by those with ties to the drug trade. Associated Press, "Mexico paper struggles to survive," 10/31/00, internet. "We need bridges," Bush said, "not walls" (AFP, 9/3/99). Taken together, these (and other pro-American positions such as the increased privatization of state-owned industry) will continue to increase his political capital in America, and will certainly result in a number of his initiatives obtaining increased American support (see AFP, 8/19/00; AFP, 9/22/00; AFP, 9/25/00; Cox, 2000; Smith, 2000). In the first pic there is a cop on the far right that looks like he has to take a piss, there is also a cop in crutches and two cops manning the 50 cals in tha back wow alotta shit goin on for one vato. Now let's see if he can control it." 1999. Good job AMLO. Map. In 1998 this number skyrocketed to 145, and to 325 in 1999. In the face of this pending crisis, Mexico will soon receive a $23.7 billion financial aid package from the IMF, the World Bank, the U.S. Eximbank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the U.S. Federal Reserve and the Central Bank of Canada. eventually resulted in the seizure of 39 kilograms of heroin, as well as the Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one. Associated Press, "Mexico's Fox wants war on drugs," 10/9/00, internet. Carlos Hank Rhon has also been associated with Raul Salinas, the former president's brother, who was himself linked to drug trafficking and was ultimately convicted of the murder of one of his brother's political rivals. Sinaloa Cartel's El G1, Puppetmaster of Politicians, Arrested in Durango The Mexican Attorney General's office announced the arrests of seven members of the Juarez Cartel in May of 1997. There has no been no independent Mexican press of any stature for at least 70 years. There are probably a dozen Mexican syndicates that are involved in the drug trade. Just a big name coincidence. The role of the printed press in contemporary Mexico is also undergoing a significant shift. El 03 took over leading the group. Abrego and company had been transshipping as much as 1/3 of all the cocaine used in the United States, but that number has dropped a bit of late. He became very visible, and because of that, the Cali cartel suppliers began to be somewhat reluctant to do business with him. facing law enforcement officials. AFP, "Top Mexican, US officials to meet amid new drug claims," 6/2/99, internet. THE MEXICAN DRUG CARTELS TODAY While there is little hard data and many conflicting "authoritative" estimates, it appears that as much as 90 percent of the cocaine, 80 percent of the foreign-grown marijuana, 70 percent of the heroin, and 80 percent of the raw methamphetamine ingredients consumed in the United States enters by land from Mexico. 35-37. 'Ice', is priced at the start of production of $ 10 000 per kilogram and its This group is Mexico's largest importer of ephedrine and supplies the other cartels with the finished product, methamphetamine. result of a two-year investigation called Operation Durango, between 450 and Jones, Mark, "The certification process and the drug war," Criminal Organizations, May 1999, pp. Jaime Herrera-Nevares was the patriarch of a huge criminal syndicate based in the mountain top village of Los Herreras, Durango, Mexico. Federal Police revealed that the kilogram of the psychotropic drug, known as POST SCRIPT There has been, I would argue, five stages of sovereignty in the western world over the past millennium. AFP, "Mexico to get 23.7 billion dollar financial aid package," 6/15/99, internet. Though hardly a new market per se, money laundering continues to grow as a major activity of the cartels and their conspirators. One month after this assassination, the very progressive and reform oriented Chief of Police of Tijuana, Jose Fredrico Benitez, was murdered. AFP, "Mexico City's mayor to resign, concentrate on presidential bid," 9/17/99, internet. This benefactor was Sinaloa Cartels El G1. All five were killed in the encounter. The matter became all the more politically charged when it was revealed several months ago that a significant portion of the delinquent loans that will now be paid off with tax dollars were campaign donations to the PRI (Associated Press, 9/1/99). The activity is ongoing. It was originally called the National Revolutionary Party and took its current name in 1946. Lyman, Michael and Gary Potter, Organized Crime. Even if legitimate efforts were to begin, it would take generations to completely eradicate Mexican military involvement in the drug trade. As the phenomenal economic run in America continues(and there appears no end in sight), the economic migration from south to north will likewise continue. We don't have a clear idea of what that means." Members of this syndicate are generally all tied by blood and/or marriage, and as a result, the group has been almost impossible to infiltrate. The Mexican government continues to claim that certification is a unilateral and unfairly judgmental process of evaluation, and President Fox has called for its end.

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