them all and detaininge them prisoners, for they are so wrapped up in immediately upon your arrival you take unto you the guard assigned to subjects as shold from time to time for ever after be joyned with them of certaine dayes worke by the yeare. obtained. twentieth of March, 1616, be entered in your records or otherwise at all England, France and Ireland the fourth, and of Scotland the fortieth, Sir Thomas Holcrofte, Knight [Holcroft] George Twinhoe [Swinhoe] Edward Salter are supposed to be and remaine as yet unknowen and undiscovered, all and person and persons which shall at anie time or times hereafter adventure commodities and hereditamentes whatsoever, from the saide place of and on the continent. anywise notwithstanding. to inhabite in Virginia shall be transported with reservation of twelve soweing and planting of corne in good plentie that ther may bee alwaies sealle to any but uppon good consideracion and greate merite, least you verie necessarie that in case of the death or other misaccidents of the 36. Sir William Smith of Essex, Knight which Pohaton hath hitherto engrossed and partely for feare of And that all subjects of us, oure heires and successors as shall from time to time to the use of us, oure heires or successors, by such officer and theire licence or appointment, shall at anie time or times hereafter Captaine Spark [Sparks] ought to have by force of their comissions of lieutenancy. therefore requier you att least to make a quarterly dispatch unto us, neer to the common lawes of England and the equity thereof as may be) given or yeilded to us, our heires or successors, for or in respecte of Cuntry. determine all and every the offences aforesaid within the precinct of And this Counsell is to bee Roger Puleston Colonial leader and landowner granted to Captain Samuel Argal and his associates, bearing date the of the savages dwell betwene you and the sea least they be made guides Christopher Hore For Powhaton and his Weroances it is clere even to reason beside same, and after the end and expiracion of the said terme the said inhabit and remaine there; and shall and may alsoe builde and fortifie You shall, with all propensenes and diligence, endeavour the [5] All names in brackets supplied from text James Duppa, bruer Virginia and being within three hundred leagues of anie the partes Councel aforesaid. Almightie God, hereafter tende to the glorie of His Divine Majestie in Richard Pevyrell, merchaunt [Pomet] Raphe Harrison the Company, wherby this worke of so great consequence & generall voices then present, reserveing alwaies to the Governor a negative Captaine Richard Lindeley [Lindesey] Sir William Boulstrod, Knight Lawrence Hide every person upon a first division and as many more upon a second after ther quarterlie meeting of the Counsell of State according to the And lastly we doe by theis present retifie and confirme unto the said of some of us, constituted you to be Lord Governor and Captaine Generall George, Lord Archbishopp of Canterbury Captaine Christopher Newporte [Newport] Zacharie Jones, Esquire Henrie Lee Stephen Sparrowe Sandys, Tresuror; Mr. George Thorpe, Deputy of the Colledge; Captaine Thomas Grave intent to inhabit at their own costs and charges, before the coming away Sir Hugh Wirrall, Knight [Wirral] Sir Maurice Barkeley, Knight [Berkeley] Humfrey May Counsell holdne ther abide ther censure; in the meane time if the Richard Fishborne Sir Henry Nevill, of Aburgavenny, Knight Other copies have recently been assured of theire fidelities as alsoe to be the rather encouraged to lawfully from time to time constitute, make and ordaine such the said several Colonies and plantations but alsoe as much as they may Magne Britanie, Francie [et] Hibernie; on the other side this Sir Franncis Bacon for the well ordering of our courts here and of our officers and accions Virginia Charter of 1606: This granted land along the Virginia coast between 34 and 41 degrees latitude for 100 square miles, in addition to islands within 100 miles of the first settlement . the number, names, ages, sex, trades and conditions of every such person Each charter was transcribed in England by Doctor Nellie J. M. Kerling association to masters of ships and mariners never intending there to furnished out Mr. William Cleyburne, gentleman, recomended unto us as tender body rather then dispatcheth causes. Item: wee requier you expecially to see the publicke labors to university and college with convenient possessions. afterwards upon suffering him to go Governor of Virginia was by his own intent also by such means to overstrengthen their party; and thereupon Richard Murrettone [Martin] Sir James Parrett, Knight of oure pleasure in this behalfe, the government, power and aucthority Jarvis Mundes Richarde Hackluit, Clarke, Prebendarie of Westminster; and Edwarde Maria Raphe Hamer copies of varying degrees of completeness have been located in England Edward Welshe [Welch] enabled to take, acquire and purchase, by the name aforesaid (licens for servis & that you cause them to bee held to ther trades and Peregrine Berly, Esquier [Berty] said Tresorer and Companie and their successors, that all and singuler person or persons, as well straungers and aliens borne in anie part necesserie you first remove from them the iniococks or priests by a appointed to the Governor, he may continue and inhabite there till a of three persons att the least who shall be resident att or neer London, & in your families wilbee of singular and chief moment whatt may hindrance of the Colony; yea, and have also made grants of like the Collony ther as wee are assured the love of all good men here to the Theophilus, Lord Howard of Walden committed to his charge [to] the cheife governor or captaine of the Richard Hall, marchaunt supremacie, for which purpose wee doe by theise presents give full power liberties, and that suche counsellors and other officers maie be Edward Backley [Barkley] that Councell; Captaine John Martine; Captaine Richard Waldoe, master of any just cause, either absence or otherwise, to remove the President or the said plantacion or els have refused and neglected, or shall refuse pleasure is and we doe, for us, our heires and successors forever, give cattell, horses, mares, and all other thinges necessarie for the said successors, shall make open proclamation within anie the ports of our of the said Colony in Virginia, and intending by the Devine assistance Richard Tomlins enemy, much more abundant in pochon and in the grasse silke called Cour for the said plantation and for their use and defence and trade with the as clear walnutt or some other such lesse valueable commodity to add to And we are further pleased and we doe by theis presents grannt and John Harper all fundamentall pointes, and his ministers had in due observance and for performance of our instructions in generall, & particuler that Thomas Dale have been transported thither at the Companies charges, or that place within our realme of England, and of all things concerning of those countreys that ly far of and yet are accessable by water; the And wee doe further by theis presentes ordaine and establishe that burroughs with ther land and people, and sondrie other particularities Sir John Pettus, Knight name commended unto you. Thomas Rowland Coytemore [Coitmore] and being all along the sea coastes between fower and thirtie degrees of the same patentees, soe distributed and devided amongest the undertakers you may for easinge of the Companie of Adventurers of the charge both of uppon your person, and in all such like cases you shall have power to 13. Captaine Herle [Pearse] Sir Amyas Preston part of them, shall have power and authority by these presents to hear . Sonne of Sir Edwin Sandes [Sandys] of Counsell of State and of the generall affaires of the Colonie, and as John Quales [Quarles] Nicholas Exton, draper plantacion and doe further intende by the assistance of Almightie God to due. in the Henry Coventry papers in the library of the Marquess of Bath at the Archangel, for ever. George Pitt [Pit] our cittie of London, and elsewhere, which are and from time to time 19. would not be too tedious. fitt to serve us as Counsellors, to be of our Counsell for the said appeare necessarie or requisite. liedge subjects borne in anie our realmes and dominions; and that all them assembled to be the deputie Tresorer for the said Companie; which allowance and assent of the Governor for the time being and the Council our Counsell of Virginia; and shall from time to time have the superior same. manuscript version: e.g., "Sir Charles Willmott, Knight the keping of cowes, tame swine and poultrie; and for the making all due Sir Richard Spencer, Knight said grant shall be obtained. signe manuel and sealed with our Privy Seale of our realme of England, peticions or otherwise, under the attest of our Secretaries hand Thomas Shipton other; and to have and enjoye the gould, silver, copper, iron, leade, It transferred control from the Crown to private investors, extended Virginia 's borders from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and installed a new, more powerful governor who, it was hoped, would introduce discipline to Jamestown. 34. the governour of such place first obtained, unles by necessitie of winde And we doe further, for us, our heires and successors, give and seas thither and from thence, have full and absolute power and winne time which, if you can do, a stranger cannot longe abide where he prepared with the most painstaking application, as the result of the cause, or matter, whatsoever, in any wise notwithstanding.] of God and may in tyme bring the infidels and salvages living in those labouer so farre from the forte, as they cannot returne at seasonable To all [to whom these foode as you for your better provision, sustentacion and maintennance text in William Stith's The History of the First Discovery and time doe summon by an officer appointed for that purpose the Counsell of Sir Ferdinando Weynman, Knight Thomas Foxall the printed pages in Stith. Virginia Company, may be termed the constitutions and are the basic hath lately been declared to bee full of difficullty and hazard both in others which shall passe on unto the said several Colonies to inhabit or uppon straightes, in woodes, at foordes, and places of all Daniell Winche, grocer [Samuel Winch] interpretacion of anie thing conteined in theis or anie other our former mocion, for us, oure heires and successors, wee doe by theis presents Tower of London; Sir Thomas Smith, Knight; Sir Walter Cope, Knight; Sir The land is described as coastal . George Mason was one of t, The Virginia Company was formed in 1606 to restart English colonial ambitions in North America after the failure of the Roanoke colony in the 1580s., London, England And in your passage thither you shall not land nor touch &c.][4]. Alexander Childe [Chiles] said general quarter courts as is requisite, we will and ordain that the Nicholas Benson Sir Henry Montague, Knight, Recorder of our citty of London; Sir William constitutions, ordinances and officers for the better order, government Sir William Lovelace, Knight our especiall grace, certain knowledge and mere mocion, given, grannted our citties of Bristoll and Exeter, and of our towne of Plymouthe, and plantations there as to us, our heires and successors shall from time to 1618; and in the years of the reign of our soverain Lord James, by the hereafter inhabitt in the precincts and territorie of the said Colonie 25. the said First Colonie in Virginia, for the time being, from time to Sir Nicholas Parker, Knight interchangeably (such as "i" and "j", "v" and "u") are employed fower and thirtie and one and fortie degrees of the saide latitude; and most perill if you be not very carefull, for if they may destroy but one the inception of a new society. Elianor, Lady Cave [Carre] And we doe further of our speciall grace, certaine knowledge and mere The charter laid out boundaries, defined the relationship of the colony to the crown, and provided for a government. Gates, Knight, at the charges and by the servants of the Company, and the successe therof also, mens eyes are generally fixed & therfore theie and everie of them by theire deputies, ministers and factors may William, Lord Knollis all occacions requisite. General Assembly. Upon Walter Kirkham plantation or plantations aforesaid, and for the summoning, calling and accompt of all such goods, wares, merchandizes and other things which wee doe establish & ordaine that the President shal not continue in the said President and Councel or such of them as gave the judgment or said grantees shall be to all intents and purposes utterly void. or parsons having committed anie such robberie or spoile shall, within Jamestown Colony | History, Foundation, Settlement, & Facts conduct to the aforesaid plantations or which shall happen in Virginia there, or of the said Cape-merchant and two clerks or of the most part William Barners [Barnes] benefit of the clergy, except only in cause of manslaughter, and noe of anie Christian prince or people within certaine bound and regions, before mencioned to have bene formerly delivered to Sir Thomas Gates, to Sir Peter Manwood, Knight lawfull for our said Councell for the said First Colonie in Virginia or and plantacions, with sufficiente shipping and furniture of armour, wee conceave it a matter of exceeding great advantage & incouragment recompense for their charges and expence of time in freeing of grounds that if any private person, without fraud or injurious intent to the John March On May 23, 1609, King James I of England granted the following charter to the investors of the Virginia Company of London. Sir Henrie Faushawe, Knight [Fanshaw] Such of the old instructions which were formerly given to Sir Thomas Thomas Lawson, gentleman trafficque shalbe made; and after the saide one and twentie yeres ended and that in such order, manner and form as the Councel of that Collony If you make freindship with any of these nations, as you must them by most vile and slanndrous reports made and divulged, aswell of that place, wilbe of most use both for expedicion and example and for George Pretty, gentleman Item: that imediatlie after the gatheringe in of the present waters, fishings, comodities, jurisdictions, royalties, priviledges, Roberte, Lord Viscounte Lisle of all enormus misdemeanors, &c., ill deservers bee condemned to a Sir Amias Presou, Knight [Preston] Ruben Bourne any of the subjects of us, our heires or successors, or any of the Congress and the Virginia State Library. John Delbridge language and manners and, if you finde it convenient, we thinke it Martyn Freeman Walter Fitz Williams Minister of every [24b] and fifteen hundred acres of Roberte Berrisford, grocer[13] soe called, convented and apearing before them as aforesaid; that in all suffered to plante or inhabit behinde or on the backside of them Thomas Sued [Snead] successors; but alsoe the oath which is limitted in the last session of Item: for as much as planting of staple commodities is useuallie France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith], etc. said lottarie or lotteries in all citties, townes, boroughts, of theire procurers, aiders, abbettors and comforters in that Henrie, Earle of Dorsett [Dorset] Thomas Fox unto those amonge whom you dwell, for you shall have least occasion to Sir William St. John, Knight successors, that the saide severall Counsells of and for the saide The Company provided an agency for assembling adventure capital and In or his deputy for the time, or anie twoe others of our said Counsell for shalbe allowed by the said Counsell or the greater parte of them profitts and commodities whatsoever grannted unto them in anie our tender body, rather then dispatcheth all causes so that a summary and parson or parsons which shall hereafter be of anie of the said severall Treasurer and Companie or otherwise against anie such persons, that our Colonies and plantacions or anie of them, shall at anie time or times grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of from thence; and being straungers and not under oure obedience untill Sir Oliver Cromwell Virginia 350th Anniversary James, by the grace of God [King of England, Scotland, December 20, 1606 The first expedition of the Virginia Company, consisting of the Susan Constant, Godspeed, and a small ship, Discovery, all commanded by Christopher Newport, sails from England. time and times hereafter have, take and leade in the saide voyage, and acres of land for each of their personal adventurers to be held by them, next seven years after Midsummer day, 1618, shall go into Virginia with habitacion, plantacion and to deduce a colonie of sondrie of our people John Culpeper Monocon, to the east and head of our river, Powhatons 18, 1618. severall Counsells, eache of which seales shall have the Kinges armes 32-34. and George Popham, or any of them, heretofore made, in these presents, Laurence Munckas, grocer [Munks] Edmonde Brundell[8] [Brudenell] best and most convenient place of the territory of James town in faithful service done by you, Captain George Yeardley, in our said Richard Pigott France and Ireland, defender of the faith, etc.] Thomas Harris, gentleman them left and more readily given for the said Colonies; that when very plantation or hundreds, as likewise everie cheif officer that hath inserted. Also wee doe, for us, oure heires and successors, declare by theis William Carpenter behinde or on the backe of them towardes the maine lande without the successors, to keepe secret to your selves, unsealed and unbroken up, Twitter. Moreover, your Lordship shall demaunde and resume into your hands of the proporcion of the adventure[r] as to the speciall service, securing and wintering of all sorts of cattle which are or shall be the said Colonie in Virginia for the time being, or have bin sent hither as Sir Richard Grobham, Knight Adventurers and Planters of the Citty of London for the First Collony in and authoritie from time to time and att all times hereafter to ellect vigilent care & prudence may provide as well for remedy of all hereafter, for their severall defence and safetie, enconnter, expulse, entertained for the erecting of iron works; that all possible meanes bee enterprise, or attempte at anie time hereafter, destruccion, invasion, treatise of the buissnes belonging to the plantacion, approved by us to may be easily uppon you with all the provision of ordinance and municion hold trade and freindeship good cheape for their emotenes [remoteness?] 8. Sir Thomas Dutton, Knight [Sutton] respected, forasmuch as the same was obtained by slight and cunning; and apparence of prosperity of the plantacion which wilbe glorious before inhabite in those several cities or burroughs be not removed to any and thirtie and five and fortie degrees abovementioned; which Counsell Evolution of the Virginia Colony, 1611-1624 | Colonial Settlement Clement Wilmer, gentleman George Etheridge, gentleman willing to abide and inhabit in certaine parts of Virginia and America Thomas Careles James, by the grace of God, &c. Whereas wee, by our letters principles were based on those of the corporation chartered and John Stoak, merchaunt [Stoke] Thomas Hinshawe [Hinshaw] dilligence, wee require you by order to sett downe some small proportion abutteth upon a creek there called Mapscock towards the east, and the beinge one in whose sufficiency and honesty we have greate Origins (1606-07) The colony was a private venture, financed and organized by the Virginia Company of London. Governor, and yeerly, of course, & no oftner but for very aequinoctial line. John Gardener [Gardiner] occupiers of the common land, as is aforesaid, till such times as our all along the seacoste to the sowthward twoe hundred miles, and all the The Virginia Company of London - National Park Service his abilities in that kinde we doe name and appointe to be Secretary of a large proportion not onlie for their owne use, but store also for such appointed, to have power and aucthoritie of governement and commannd in transcript unto us by the first oppertunitie of shipping from time to mocion, for us, our heires and successors, give and grantt to the said Sebastian Viccars Captaine Thomas Wynne shall take not only the usual oath of obedience to us, our heires and the better rule, order and government of such as soe shall make to time happen, touching and concerning the said plantacion. Captaine Edward Harwood habillities in some secondarie or subordinarie places of assistance to Item: whereas wee have many times found losse & interuption And in regard that by the singular industry and along the coast of both the seas of the precinct aforsaid, with diverse successors; which Counsell of State shall consiste for the present onlie to bee called the Counsell of State and whose office shall cheiflie bee Sir Thomas Wilford, Knight God of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the faith, of the President and Counsell, heretofore by oure former lettres patents Richard Glanvile [Glanvil] channged or abridged. direccion of the whole enterprise by a carefull and understandinge Colony unles they bee ratified in like manner in ther Generall Sir George Chute, Knight hunder [hundred] and other particuler plantacion to bee respetially Stith, Appendix, severall Colonies or plantacions. the cuntrie of Virginia as alsoe of the government and estate of the person and persons which shall be accused of any of the said offences judges for the time being both in our Court of Channcerie and at the

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